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Neurological & Spinal

Degenerative neurological conditions in canines refer to a group of disorders that involve the progressive deterioration of the nervous system. These conditions often result in a decline in the normal function of the dog, leading to various neurological symptoms.

Here are some common degenerative neurological conditions in canines:

IVDD

IVDD, or Intervertebral Disc Disease, is a condition that affects the intervertebral discs in the spine. Intervertebral discs are the cushions or shock absorbers located between the vertebrae of the spine.

In dogs with IVDD, the discs degenerate or herniate, meaning the inner core pushes through the outer layer, often pressing on the spinal cord or nerves. This can result in a range of symptoms and severity levels, from mild discomfort to severe pain and neurological deficits. IVDD is more commonly observed in certain breeds, particularly those with long backs, such as Dachshunds, Beagles, and Corgis.

Common signs and symptoms of IVDD in dogs include:

  • Back or neck pain

  • Reluctance to move or reluctance to jump or climb stairs

  • Difficulty walking or dragging of limbs

  • Muscle weakness or paralysis

  • Loss of coordination

  • Loss of bladder or bowel control

The specific treatment approach depends on the severity of the condition and the individual needs of the dog. Early detection and intervention are essential for a more favorable prognosis in dogs with IVDD. If you suspect your dog may be experiencing symptoms of IVDD, it's crucial to consult with a veterinarian for a thorough examination and appropriate diagnostic testing before massage can commence.

Degenerative Myelopathy (DM):

DM is a progressive, adult-onset disorder that primarily affects the spinal cord's white matter. It is most commonly observed in certain breeds, including German Shepherds, Corgis, and Boxers. DM leads to hind limb weakness, loss of coordination, and eventual paralysis.

Wobblers

Wobbler syndrome, formally known as cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM), is a neurological condition that affects the cervical (neck) region of a dog's spine. Wobbler syndrome primarily affects large and giant breeds, such as Great Danes, Doberman Pinschers, Boxers, and Mastiffs, but it can occur in other breeds as well. The condition earned its nickname "Wobblers" due to the characteristic wobbly or unsteady gait that affected dogs may exhibit.

Spondylosis

Spondylosis is a common degenerative condition that affects the spine of canines. Also known as spinal osteoarthritis, it is characterized by the formation of bony outgrowths called osteophytes along the edges of the vertebrae. These bony growths can develop in various areas of the spine, leading to stiffness, pain, and reduced mobility in affected dogs.

Spondylosis often occurs as part of the natural aging process in dogs, particularly in older individuals. However, it can also be caused by factors such as repetitive stress, trauma, or genetic predisposition. Large breed dogs, such as German Shepherds and Labradors, are more prone to developing spondylosis.
Symptoms of spondylosis in dogs can vary depending on the location and severity of the bony growths. Symptoms of spondylosis in canines may include reluctance to move or exercise, stiffness, decreased range of motion, difficulty in getting up or lying down, and changes in posture. Some dogs may also experience pain, which can range from mild discomfort to severe.

Key features of the above Neurological conditions include:

Compression of Spinal Cord: There is compression of the spinal cord, typically caused by malformation of the vertebral bodies, intervertebral disc problems, or the presence of bony protrusions.

Neck Pain: Affected dogs may experience pain in the neck region, leading to a reluctance to move their head or neck.

Wobbly Gait: Dogs with Wobbler syndrome often exhibit an unsteady or wobbly gait, particularly in the hind limbs. They may appear weak or have difficulty maintaining balance.

Muscle Atrophy: Over time, affected dogs may develop muscle atrophy (loss of muscle mass) in the hind limbs due to nerve damage.

Neurological Symptoms: Depending on the severity of the condition, neurological symptoms may include weakness, incoordination, and, in advanced cases, paralysis.

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Pre & Post Operative Surgery

Remedial massage can offer several benefits for dogs both before and after surgery, contributing to their overall well-being and aiding in the recovery process. The specific techniques used may vary based on the type of surgery and the individual dog's needs. Here are potential benefits:

Pre-Operative Massage:

Muscle Relaxation: Massage can help relax muscles and reduce tension before surgery, promoting a more comfortable state for the dog.

Stress Reduction: Massage has a calming effect and may help reduce pre-operative stress and anxiety in dogs.

Enhanced Healing Response: Pre-operative massage may stimulate the body's natural healing processes, potentially preparing the tissues for a smoother recovery.

Post-Operative Massage:

Pain Management: Massage can help alleviate pain and discomfort associated with surgery by promoting the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers.

Reduction of Swelling: Massage techniques, when applied appropriately, may assist in reducing post-operative swelling.

Prevention of Scar Tissue Formation: Gentle massage on the surgical site may help prevent the formation of excessive scar tissue, promoting better healing.

Improved Circulation: Massage supports blood circulation, which is crucial for delivering nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissues.

Relaxation and Stress Reduction: Post-operative massage can help the dog relax, reducing stress and anxiety during the recovery period.

Promotion of Lymphatic Drainage: Massage techniques that consider the lymphatic system may assist in reducing fluid build-up and promoting proper drainage.

Faster Recovery: While not a substitute for veterinary care, massage may support a dog's overall recovery process, helping them return to normal activities more quickly.

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Osteopathic

Arthritis
Arthritis in canines, also known as canine osteoarthritis, is a degenerative joint disease that commonly affects older dogs. Similar to arthritis in humans, it causes inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the joints. The condition occurs when the protective cartilage in the joints gradually wears away, leading to friction between the bones. This can result in discomfort, decreased mobility, and difficulty performing regular activities. Arthritis in canines can be caused by factors such as genetics, age, obesity, joint injuries, or even certain infections. It is essential for dog owners to be aware of the signs and symptoms, which include limping, difficulty walking or climbing stairs, reluctance to exercise, behavioral changes, and visible joint swelling. Early detection and proper management, including medication, exercise modifications, weight management, and joint supplements, can help alleviate the symptoms and improve the overall quality of life for dogs with arthritis.

Elbow Dysplasia

Elbow dysplasia is a common orthopaedic condition that affects canines, particularly large and giant breeds. It is caused by abnormal development of the elbow joint during a dog's growth, leading to joint instability and malformation.
Symptoms of elbow dysplasia may vary depending on the specific condition and its severity, but commonly observed signs include intermittent or persistent lameness, difficulty rising or jumping, stiffness, and reluctance to engage in physical activity. If left untreated, elbow dysplasia can lead to chronic pain, arthritis, and joint degeneration.

Hip Dysplasia

Hip dysplasia is a common orthopaedic condition that affects canines, particularly large and giant breeds, although it can occur in smaller breeds as well. Hip dysplasia can also be seen in young puppies and is a developmental condition where the hip joint does not form correctly. Genetics play a significant role, but environmental factors like rapid growth and improper nutrition can exacerbate the condition. In dogs with hip dysplasia, the ball and socket of the hip joint do not fit together properly, leading to joint laxity, inflammation, and eventually degeneration.

 Symptoms of hip dysplasia in canines can vary from mild to severe, and they may appear at different stages of a dog's life. Some common signs include difficulty getting up or lying down, reluctance to climb stairs or jump, limping or bunny hopping gait, decreased activity and exercise intolerance, muscle loss in the hind legs, and pain or stiffness around the hip area. It's important to note that some dogs may not show obvious signs of discomfort, especially during their early stages of the disease.

Limb Amputation

Limb amputation in canines refers to the surgical removal of a limb, such as a leg or a paw, due to various medical reasons. This procedure is typically performed to improve the quality of life for dogs suffering from severe injury, trauma, advanced cancer, irreparable fractures, or untreatable infections affecting the limb. While it may sound drastic, limb amputation can provide relief from constant pain and discomfort, allowing dogs to lead happy, active lives.

Neck, Back & Muscle Pain

Neck and back pain in canines refers to discomfort or pain localized in the neck or spine regions of a dog's body. Dogs, like humans, can experience various issues that lead to neck and back pain. These issues may involve the muscles, bones, joints, nerves, or other structures in the neck and back. The pain can range from mild to severe and may be acute (sudden onset) or chronic (long-lasting).

Common signs of neck and back pain in dogs include:

Reluctance to Move: Dogs may be hesitant to move, especially when trying to stand up, sit down, or jump.

Changes in Posture: Dogs with neck or back pain may exhibit changes in posture. They might hold their head or back in an abnormal position, arch their back, or have a hunched appearance.

Yelping or Whimpering: Painful reactions such as yelping, whimpering, or vocalizations when touched or during certain movements may indicate discomfort.

Decreased Activity: Dogs experiencing neck or back pain may become less active than usual. They may be less inclined to play, exercise, or engage in normal activities.

Stiffness: Stiffness in the neck or back region can be observed, affecting the dog's overall mobility.

Lameness: If the pain is associated with a limb, lameness or favouring of one leg may be noticeable.

Changes in Behavior: Dogs in pain may exhibit changes in behavior, such as irritability, aggression, or a reluctance to be touched or handled.

Difficulty Jumping or Climbing Stairs: Dogs may have difficulty jumping onto furniture, climbing stairs, or engaging in activities that require flexibility and movement.

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Agility

Remedial massage can offer several benefits for agility and show dogs, helping to support their overall well-being and performance. Here are some potential advantages:

Muscle Maintenance and Flexibility: Massage helps maintain muscle tone, preventing stiffness and promoting flexibility. Increased flexibility can contribute to better agility performance and more fluid movements in the show ring.

Enhanced Range of Motion: Massage techniques can target specific muscle groups and joints, improving the dog's range of motion. Dogs with increased range of motion may have better manoeuvrability, crucial in agility competitions.

Prevention of Injuries: Regular massage can help identify and address areas of tension or discomfort, potentially preventing injuries. By addressing muscle imbalances and promoting proper biomechanics, the risk of strains and sprains may be reduced.

Improved Circulation: Massage enhances blood circulation, promoting the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to muscles. Improved circulation can contribute to better muscle recovery after strenuous activities.

Stress Reduction: Massage has a calming effect and can help reduce stress and anxiety. Show dogs may benefit from stress reduction, especially during travel and competition situations.

Joint Health: Massage can contribute to joint health by promoting synovial fluid production and reducing stiffness. Healthy joints are essential for agility dogs' performance and the overall well-being of show dogs.

Enhanced Focus and Relaxation: Massage sessions can contribute to mental relaxation and focus. For show dogs, a relaxed and focused state is crucial for showcasing their conformation and movement.

Improved Recovery: After strenuous activities, massage can aid in the recovery process by reducing muscle soreness. Faster recovery may allow agility dogs to perform at their best in subsequent training or competition sessions.

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Anxiety

Anxiety in canines refers to a state of heightened worry, fear, or unease that can manifest in various behaviours and physical symptoms. Dogs, can experience anxiety due to a range of factors, and it's essential for pet owners to recognize signs of anxiety and address them appropriately. Common triggers for anxiety in dogs include:

Separation: Dogs may experience anxiety when left alone, leading to behaviors such as destructive chewing, excessive barking, or house soiling.

Loud Noises: Thunderstorms, fireworks, or other loud noises can trigger anxiety in many dogs. This is known as noise phobia.

New Environments: Dogs may feel anxious when introduced to new or unfamiliar environments, especially if they are not accustomed to change.

Social Situations: Some dogs may exhibit anxiety in social situations, especially if they are not well-socialized or have had negative experiences in the past.

Fear of Certain Objects: Dogs may develop anxiety or fear towards specific objects, people, or situations due to past traumatic experiences.

Medical Conditions: Pain or discomfort from underlying medical conditions can contribute to anxiety in dogs. For example, arthritis or dental issues may cause anxiety.

Age-Related Changes: Older dogs may experience anxiety due to cognitive dysfunction or changes in their routine.

Lack of Predictability: Dogs are creatures of habit, and sudden changes in routine or unpredictability can lead to anxiety.

Previous Trauma: Dogs with a history of abuse or trauma may be more prone to anxiety.

Common signs of anxiety in dogs include:

  • Excessive panting or drooling

  • Pacing or restlessness

  • Shaking or trembling

  • Excessive barking or howling

  • Destructive behaviours (chewing, digging)

  • Inappropriate elimination

  • Changes in appetite

  • Excessive licking or grooming

  • Withdrawal or hiding

  • Aggression

It's important to note that some signs of anxiety in dogs may overlap with other behavioural or medical issues. If you suspect your dog is experiencing anxiety, it's advisable to consult with a veterinarian. A veterinarian can conduct a thorough examination, consider the dog's medical history, and provide guidance on appropriate interventions. Management strategies may include behavioural training, environmental modifications, and in some cases, medication prescribed by a veterinarian.

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Senior

Stiffness and soreness in senior pets refer to a condition where older animals experience discomfort, reduced flexibility, and sometimes pain, particularly in their muscles and joints. This can affect various parts of their body, including the neck, back, hips, and limbs. These symptoms are often associated with the aging process and the changes that occur in a senior pet's body over time. Several factors contribute to stiffness and soreness in senior pets:

Arthritis: Osteoarthritis is a common condition in senior pets where the cartilage in the joints wears down over time, leading to pain, inflammation, and stiffness.

Orthopaedic Conditions: Conditions such as hip dysplasia or elbow dysplasia, which may have been present since a pet's younger years, can worsen with age, causing stiffness and discomfort.

Nutritional Factors: Poor diet or nutritional deficiencies can contribute to joint and muscle problems in senior pets.

Joint Degeneration: Over time, the wear and tear on joints can lead to degeneration, causing discomfort and reduced mobility.

Muscle Atrophy: Aging pets may experience a loss of muscle mass, leading to weaker support for joints and increased stress on the skeletal system.

Reduced Synovial Fluid Production: The production of synovial fluid, which lubricates joints, may decrease with age. This can result in friction and stiffness during movement.

Ligament and Tendon Issues: Senior pets may be more prone to ligament and tendon injuries, contributing to stiffness and discomfort.

Spinal Issues: Conditions such as intervertebral disc disease or spondylosis can affect the spine, causing pain and stiffness.

Dental Problems: Dental issues can lead to discomfort, affecting a pet's ability to eat and leading to altered posture and movement.

Obesity: Excess weight puts additional strain on joints, exacerbating stiffness and soreness. Obesity is a common issue in senior pets.

Inflammatory Conditions: Conditions such as inflammatory joint disease or autoimmune disorders can contribute to joint pain and stiffness.

Lack of Exercise: Inactivity or a sedentary lifestyle can result in muscle weakness and reduced flexibility, leading to stiffness.

Weather Sensitivity: Changes in weather, particularly cold or damp conditions, can exacerbate joint discomfort in senior pets.

“No matter how little money and few possessions you own, having a dog makes you rich.”

— Louis Sabin

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